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SUSTAINABLE FINANCING OF MPAs IN THE MEDITERRANEAN: A FINANCIAL ANALYSIS

3.1 Cost for basic management of MPAs in the Mediterranean

3.1.1 Budget of MPAs

a) Total available funds

Total available funds are the sum of all financial sources for MPAs. The range of financing
sources includes:
 Local, regional and national government budgets;
 Bilateral and multilateral development agencies budget (e.g. GEF);
 NGOs funding and private contributions; and
 Site-based revenues.
For the studied MPAs, total incomes ranged from €36,664 to €2,944,736 in 2014 (median,
€263,692 for the year 2014), with an average of €430,768 as shown in Table 3. Total
funding for MPAs in European Union countries are higher than for other countries (on
average €559,808 for an EU MPA and €95,266 for a non-EU MPA).

In EU member states, total revenues are higher for MPAs in the pioneer phase than for
MPAs in the autonomous phase (on average €361,064 for an EU autonomous MPA and
€2,944,736 for an EU pioneer MPA). On the contrary, in non-EU countries, total funding is
lower for MPAs in the pioneer phase than for MPAs in the autonomous phase (on average
€104,631 for a non-EU autonomous MPA and €89,023 for a non-EU pioneer MPA).

Autonomous MPAs Pioneer MPAs
Region
(in euros per year) (in euros per year)
Mediterranean MPAs 324,430 (15) 802,952 (5)

EU MPAs 361,064 (13) 2,944,736 (1)
Non-EU MPAs 104,631 (2) 89,023 (4)

Table 3: Average total available funding for sampled MPAs in 2014

b) Available funds per unit surface area
The use of revenues for operating costs per unit surface area is presented in Table 4.
2
For autonomous MPAs, operating costs ranged from €591 to €66,632 per km during the last
2
financial year (median, €7,330 per km ); 4 MPAs have a budget between €20,000 and
€100,000 per km², 3 between €10,000 and €20,000 per km², and 7 MPAs between €1 and
€10,000 per km².
2
For pioneer MPAs, operating costs ranged from 0 to €10,783 per km during the last
2
financial year (median, €644 per km ).

Autonomous MPAs Pioneer MPAs
Region 2 2
(in euros per km per year) (in euros per km per year)
Mediterranean 15,232 (15) 2,665 (5)
EU MPAs 15,984 (13) 1,869 (1)

Non-EU MPAs 10,720 (2) 2,864 (4)

Table 4: Average annual operating costs per unit surface area for sampled MPAs in 2014

May 2015 – Vertigo Lab, for MedPAN, RAC/SPA and WWF Med. Page 40