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382 FABIO LIBERTO ET ALII

These characters are typical of S. calcarae calcarae
and exclude any reference to S. calcarae orlandoi
n. ssp. Benoit (1875, 1882) specifies as distribution
localities for C. adelina: “Favignana e Bonagia
presso Calatafimi”.
Pini (1884) described Clausilia (Siciliaria)
brugnonea for Palermo. Also Pini’s description and
illustrations of C. brugnonea allow to refer this
name to the typical S. calcarae calcarae for the
presence of a developed upper palatal plica (Pini,
1884: Pl. 2, fig. 16a) and low sinuous columellar
lamella (Pini, 1884: Pl. 2 fig. 16b).
Monterosato (1892) described Clausilia (Si-
ciliaria) adelina var. subsolida for the Aegadian is-
Figure 56. Geographic distribution of Siciliaria (S.) calcarae lands by these few words “più solida e più forte-
s.l. in W-Sicily (in red) with type locality of S. (S.) calcarae mente striata” [more solid and more strongly
orlandoi n. ssp. (star), type locality of S. (S.) calcarae calca- striated]. This description and the examen of topo-
rae (square), and type locality of S. (S.) calcarae belliemi.
typic specimens (Figs. 38, 48–50, 55) allowed us to
consider the taxon subsolida clearly distinguished
Siciliaria calcarae belliemi Brandt, 1961 (Figs. from S. calcarae orlandoi n. ssp.
36, 42–44), from Monte Belliemi, near Partinico, is Westerlund (1892) described Clausilia (Sicilia-
characterized for ribbed whorls (rib-striated in S. ria) calcarae var. nodosa from Palermo, with
calcarae calcarae and S. calcarae orlandoi n. ssp.); these words: “Testa non decollata, tenue regular-
the anterior upper palatal plica is longer and raised iter costulato-striata, plica palatalis infera per-
same as in S. calcarae calcarae. Nordsieck (2002) brevis, peristoma expansum, incrassatum, margine
considers S. calcarae belliemi a “transitional form externo sub sinulum nodoso, plica palatalis su-
between neighboring species which may have ori- pera secunda tenuis, brevis. Hab. Sicilien, bei Pa-
ginated by hybridation (c. calcarae/tiberii)” (see lermo (A. de Monterosato comm.)”. Monterosato
also Beckman, 2004). (1892) specifies that the type series of nodosa
came from Bagheria (East of Palermo). The dia-
REMARKS. Siciliaria calcarae s.l. is the more gnostic characters of S. nodosa Westerlund, 1892
widespread species of the genus Siciliaria s. str. It are the presence of a small secon upper palatal
lives from Bagheria in the East to Favignana Island plica and a small callus on the upper outer edge of
and Levanzo Island in the West, up to Castelvetrano the peristome. A similar species is S. (S.) ferrox
in the South. Brandt, 1961 which is widespread along the coast
It is reported in Quaternary deposits of Palermo from Termini Imerese in the East to Altavilla Mi-
(De Gregorio, 1927 sub Clausilia adelina, Palermo, licia in the West, very close to Bagheria (Reitano
Pietrazzi) and in in Quaternary deposit Wied tal- et al., 2007). In fact, S. ferrox has the shell similar
Bahrija in the Island of Malta (Giusti et al., 1995 to S. calcarae s.l. but with a second upper pal-
sub Siciliaria cfr. septemplicata). atal plica, therefore as in S. nodosa. Nevertheless,
Siciliaria calcarae calcarae is morphologically S. calcarae calcarae occasionally have a little
little variable, nevertheless some taxa were de- second upper palatal plica; anyway this is absent
scribed in the past for this mollusk, and nowadays in S. calcarae orlandoi n. sp.; nowdays C. (S.)
they are considered synonyms. nodosa Westerlund, 1892 is considered a synonym
Küster (1847–1862) described Clausilia adelina of a nominotypical subspecies of S. calcarae
on specimens received by the Sicilian naturalist (Bank, 2011; Nordsieck, 2013).
Luigi Benoit, with type locality “Inseln Sicilien”. Finally, De Gregorio (1894) described Clausilia
The accurate Küster’s description and illustration proxima levanzensis from Levanzo Island (Aega-
(Küster, 1847: Pl. 34, figs. 4–6) show that S. adelina dian Island, Western Sicily) but, however, for this
is a S. calcarae with a well developed anterior little island, only S. calcarae is known (Fiorentino
upper palatal plica and a low columellar lamella. et al., 2004).