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84 Gianmarco Ingrosso et al.

Fig. 7 (A) Biostalactites in a submarine cave at the Cape of Otranto (Onorato et al., 2003).
(B) View of a longitudinal section. The magnified image shows the serpulid tubes that form
the core of the bioconstruction, in a carbonate matrix of bacterial origin. (C) Biostalactite
distribution along the Italian coast. Points represent data with no associated surface area.
Boundaries of points of data layers are enhanced for illustrative purposes and do not
reflect the real habitat extent.

groups (Onorato et al., 2003; Sanfilippo et al., 2015). Serpulidae and Bryozoa
are the dominant taxonomic groups, followed by Porifera and Foraminifera.
Other invertebrates, such as Bivalvia, Brachiopoda, Hydrozoa, Anthozoa,
Cirripedia and Polychaeta Terebellidae, are relatively rare.