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it was a primary junior homonym of Bufo maculatus [98] at the time of Camerano’s description

[96] of Bufo viridis Var. maculata. Furthermore, to our knowledge, the type series is either lost or

its location remains unclear (F. Andreone, curator of the Turin Museum, pers. comm.; cf. [99]).

Therefore, we did not only coin the new name Bufo siculus but we also based it on a new type

specimen (we could not acknowledge Camerano’s work by designation of a Sicilian specimen

from the syntype series of Bufo viridis Var. maculata as the holotype of B. siculus; as otherwise

possible according to Paragraph 72.7 [97]).

(d) On the applicability of the name Bufo balearicus Boettger, 1880

The name coined by Boettger [45] for green toads from the Balearic Island of Mallorca seems

currently the oldest available name clearly identifiable with this taxon, since sequences from

Mallorca and Menorca appear nested in the clade that also contains the sequences from Sardinia,

Corsica and most of the Apennine Peninsula. An old name (B. viridis var. lineatus [100]), coined

for green toads from the Venice region (i.e., between our loc. 41 and 42), is a junior subjective

synonym of B. viridis [101], as this phylogeographic group is present in that area. Although

detailed descriptions of green toads from the range of what we consider B. balearicus date at least

as far back as Cetti’s [102] work, we did not find older scientific names for it, since neither Cetti

[102], nor Gené [103] or de Betta [104] coined available scientific names for green toads.

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