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V. Garilli, 2008 Page 47

nation of these characters (pitted sculpture and structure more rounded and smaller aperture, and a paucispiral
of fine spiral threads) represents a quite singular and protoconch (see Moolenbeek and Faber, 1987, figs.
original feature, which should be regarded as limited to 47a–b and 55–57). With some significant reservations, it
Manzonia-related species.: e.g. M. darwini Moolenbeek could be regarded as belonging to Galeodinopsis. The
and Faber, 1987 (pl. 1, fig. 18), M. crispa (Watson,1873) species M. foraminata (Lozouet, 1998), originally de-
(see Moolenbeek and Faber, 1987, pl. 3, fig. 54), M. scribed as Alvania (from the upper Oligocene of south-
boogi lanzarottii Moolenbeek and Faber, 1987 (pl. 2, fig. western France, see Lozouet, 1998, fig. 9f–h), M. mou-
39), M. spreta (Watson, 1873) (see Moolenbeek and linsi (d’Orbigny, 1852) (see Lozouet, 1998, fig. 9i–j, from
Faber, 1987, pl. 3, fig. 57), M. vigoensis (Rolán, 1983) the French upper Oligocene), M. scalaris (Dubois, 1831)
(see Bouchet and Warén, 1993, p. 656, fig. 1499) and (Kowalke and Harzhauser, 2004, fig. 8d, from the middle
several others. The double rimmed outer lip and the Miocene, Badenian, of Austria, Hungary, Poland and Ro-
netted sculpture of protoconch I are also characters mania and the Miocene of Russia) and the Recent Man-
shared by Manzonia species. However, it must be con- zonia crispa (Watson, 1875) (of which I studied 3 shells
sidered that these two features, considered by Ponder from Madeira, ZMA Moll. 101.0, ex coll. R.G. Moolen-
(1985: 46) as typical of Manzonia sensu stricto, should be beek; see also Ponder, 1985, fig. 100A and Moolenbeek
regarded with suspicion, being as they are shared by and Faber, 1987, text-fig. 46, and pl. 3, fig. 52–54) show
well-recognized Alvania species. In regard to the proto- less affinities, having a more slender shell with more
conch, species such as A. testae (Aradas and Maggiore, curved ribs (protruding over the suture in M. scalaris),
1844), A. zetlandica (Montagu, 1815) (see Bouchet and which become stronger on the base of the shell. All these
Warén, 1993, figs. 1386–1387 and 1502; Landau et al., four species appear more related to Manzonia than to
2004, pl. 9, figs. 1b–1d), the Pliocene Alvania magistra Galeodinopsis.
Chirli, 2006 (pl. 11, fig. 16 and pl. 12, figs. 1–3), have the
same sculptural pattern on protoconch I. A. tomentosa Sacco (1895) and Cossmann (1921) indicated Rissoa
(Pallary, 1920), which has a paucispiral protoconch, also multicostata Speyer 1864 (pl. 41, figs. 3–5, from the Oli-
exhibits this sculpture (see Bouchet and Warén, 1993, gocene of Germany) as a possible Galeodinopsis species.
fig. 1388). I did not see any shells of this Alvinia sensu lato-like
species, which more closely resembles the group of Al-
Rissoa tiberiana could be regarded as one (probably vania zetlandica (Montagu, 1815) and A. weinkauffi
the sole) of the few survivors of a group of species close (Weinkauff, 1868 ex Schwartz ms.). The original illustra-
to Manzonia sensu lato, which very likely originated in tions show a turreted shell with a more finely cancellate
the upper Paleogene. The European Oligocene Rissoa (not-ribbed) sculpture, bearing almost orthocline axial
duboisi Nyst, 1843 (Figures 100–103) certainly belongs ribs, characters which militate against placement in Ga-
to this group. Both these species share several intersting leodinopsis.
characters: a quite conical Alvania-like shell shape, often
provided with varices on the last whorl, the arrangement The material of Rissoa tuba Doderlein, 1862, housed
of the basal cords (not so strong as in Manzonia sensu in the MGUP Doderlein’s collection (from the Miocene
stricto, where keels occur on the shell base), the above and Pliocene of North Italy), belongs to this species.
mentioned combination of the microsculptural pattern, Anyway, Doderlein (1862: 17) just listed this taxon with-
and the kind of axial sculpture (with slightly sinuous, less out providing a description or a valid reference, so that R.
pronounced ribs than those shown by Manzonia), and a tuba must be considered a nomen nudum.
double, weakly opisthocline outer lip. All this leads me to
revalue Galeodinopsis as the useful generic placement CONCLUDING REMARKS
for such Manzonia-related species.
As indicated by Ponder (1985), the systematic grouping
In overall appearance, G. duboisi (Nyst, 1843) strongly of Alvania species at the subgeneric level is quite diffi-
resambles G. tiberiana, from which it differs principally cult and putative groups usually fold into synonymy with
in having less numerous cords and ribs and less convex Alvania sensu stricto. This viewpoint appears be appli-
whorls (see also Ponder, 1985, fig. 100c). Another com- cable to the species studied in this report (except for
parable species is the Recent Macaronesian M. spreta Rissoa tiberiana Coppi, 1876). The subgeneric division
(Watson, 1873), which has a similar shell shape but dif- into Galeodina and Massotia lacks any valid and convinc-
fers from G. tiberiana in having a more delicate axial ing basis in shell features (especially on consideration of
sculpture (the spiral cords being large and almost flat) a

Figures 100–107. Galeodinopsis duboisi (Nyst, 1843) (100–103), from the upper Oligocene of Hessen (Germany, SE of Kassel,
Hessisch-Lichten, Glimmerode, coll. MF ex coll. Pal, FE15A) and Manzonia crassa (Kanmacher, 1798) (104–107), type species of
Manzonia Brusina, 1870, from the middle-upper Pleistocene of Kyllini (NW Peloponnesus, Greece, N2 bed of Garilli et al., 2005a).
100–102. Apertural (100 and 102) and profile (101) views. 103–104. Microsculptures, showing the typical pitted surface on the flat
cords and the microstructure of the narrow spiral threads in G. duboisi (103, same shell as Figure 101) and M. crassa (104, same shell
as Figure 105). 105–106. Apertural (105) and profile (106) view of shell. 107. Detail of protoconch I, showing the netted sculpture.
Scale bars: 1 mm in Figures 97–98; 20 ␮m in Figure 100; 10 ␮m in Figure 99. The black arrow indicates the protoconch I/protoconch
II boundary.