Page 11 - Palombo_Ferretti _2005

ARTICLE IN PRESS
M.R. Palombo, M.P. Ferretti / Quaternary International 126–128 (2005) 107–136 117

Table 5
Middle Pleistocene Mammuthus from Italy. Tooth measurements
Taxon Tooth Specimen Site Wear Variables
stage
Occlusal Length Occlusal Width Height Number Plates Enamel Lamellar Hypsodonty
Length Width of plates a in use thickness frequency b index
(height/width)
M. trogontherii m1 DSTFE-vald 6 Valdemino 2 158 64 62 42 95 12 7 1.1 9.0 1.5
M2 MPN Pratola 4 >198 179 87 81 — ?13 13 2.8 8.0 —
Peligna
m2 MPN Pratola 3 290 213 75 69 150 >12 12 2.0 5.0 2.0
Peligna
m3 DSTT Rome 3–4 320 198 80 78 121 16 14 1.7 7.0 1.5
14765
Mammuthus sp. m1 MGPUP Quinzano 3 — 174 — 80 — 13 13 — 8.0 —
25034
M3 MPR Via Flaminia 3 303 ca. 270 119 109 — 18 18 2.3 7.0 —
km 7.2
m3 MPR Via Flaminia 3 — 248 — 92 — 19 15 2.2 6.5 —
km 8.2
a
Excluding talons.
b
According to Maglio (1973).

Fig. 7. Molars of M. trogontherii from Italy. (A) DSTT 14765, Rome (exact site unknown), left m3, occlusal view; (B) same specimen, lingual view;
(C), MPR, Malagrotta, Ponte Galeria (Rome; early Middle Pleistocene), M?, occlusal view (from Ambrosetti, 1967). Scale bar is 5 cm.

mammoth, M. primigenius, or a transitional form Most of the material consists of isolated remains.
between these two species (M.‘‘chosaricus’’, Dubrovo, Exceptions are the material from Quinzano, Via
1964; Kotsakis et al., 1978; Palombo, 1994; Lister, Flaminia, and Tarquinia that include also cranial
1996b). Among this group of specimens, there are remains.
remains from Via Flaminia 7.2 and 8.2 km (Rome; A safe identification of these specimens is hampered
Palombo, 1972; Kotsakis et al., 1978; MPR), Tarquinia by several factors:(1) sample size is virtually in all cases
(Ambrosetti, 1964; MPR), Quinzano (Verona; Pasa, very small; (2) the skull of M. trogontherii is poorly
1939b; MCSNV, MGPUP), Campo Verde (Pianura known, preventing any direct reliable comparison; and
Pontina, Latina; Mazza et al., 1992; AQN), and Capri (3) there is a large overlap between the ranges of
(De Lorenzo and D’Erasmo, 1927; Piperno and Segre, most dental metric characters of M. trogontherii and
1984; Capasso Barbato and Gliozzi, 1995; MCC). M. primigenius. Particularly extensive is the overlap