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~7.5 ka BP. At ~4.7 ka BP, one basal index point places the RSL at −1.1 ± 0.6 m. RSL rose to −0.4 ± 0.6 m at ~2.5 BP and was within
−4.1 ± 1.0 m. During the Late Holocene, one intercalated index point ~0.3 m during the last 1 ka BP.
indicates RSL was at −2.6 ± 1.0 m at ~3.3 ka BP and at −1.0 ± 0.5 m
at ~2.1 ka BP. During the same period, different archaeological interpre- 5.13. Mid-eastern Sicily (#13)
tations of Roman fish tanks place the RSL between ~−1.3 and ~−0.6 ±
0.2 m. The database for mid-eastern Sicily includes 14 index points and 7
limiting points. Data are from archaeological surveys near Syracuse
and lagoon cores near Augusta, Catania and Syracuse (Fig. 9, #13). The
5.11. Salerno Bay (#11)
oldest intercalated index point places RSL at −36.9 ± 1.1 m at ~9.6 ka
BP. A limiting point constrains the RSL above ~−20 m at ~8.1 ka BP.
The RSL history of Salerno Bay consists of 6 index points and 5 limit- RSL rose rapidly to −6.2 ± 1.0 m at ~6.6 ka BP and to −2.3 ± 1.0 m
ing points and is restricted to the mid-Holocene (Fig. 8, #11). Data are at ~4.2 ka BP. Late Holocene data-points show significant scatter, most
all from cores taken on the coastal plain of Sele river. Further limiting likely related to the uplift trend affecting the area (see Section 2.1). In-
points derive from offshore coring in Salerno Bay. At ~9.3 ka BP, RSL
tercalated index points from Augusta and Priolo indicate that RSL
was at −16.3 ± 1.1 m. RSL rose to −8.3 ± 1.1 m at ~8.4 ka BP. From reached the present datum at ~3.7 ka BP. Conversely, archaeological
~8 to ~7.2 ka BP, limiting points constrain the RSL between −5.3 and
data-points indicate RSL was between −3 and −1.2 m at ~3.7 ka BP
−7.2 m. A younger index point places the RSL at −0.5 ± 1.0 m at and at −1.5 m ± 0.3 m at ~2.6 ka BP.
~4.1 ka BP.
5.14. Southern Sicily and Malta (#14)
5.12. Northwestern Sicily (#12)
The RSL history for Southern Sicily and Malta is restricted to the mid
The RSL history of northwestern Sicily comprises 9 index points and and late Holocene. The database is composed of 14 index points and 9
5 limiting points. Data come from a lagoon core near Marsala and from limiting points from lagoon cores near Pachino (Sicily) and in
fossil vermetid reefs in Capo San Vito and near Palermo (Fig. 9,#12). Ad- Burmarrad (Malta). Additional limiting points derive from archaeologi-
ditional limiting points derive from fossil marine shells collected on cal surveys undertaken in Avola (Sicily) and along the Maltese coast
Marettimo Island and near Palermo and archaeological investigations near Marsaxlokk (Fig. 9, #14). The oldest intercalated index point places
in the Punic town of Mozia. The oldest limiting points constrain the the RSL at −11.1 ± 1.0 m at ~7.5 ka BP. At ~6.1 ka BP, index and limiting
RSL below ~−27 m and above ~−25 m at ~9.5 ka BP. There is a hiatus points constrain the RSL to ~-7 m. Two index points indicate RSL was be-
of data up to ~2.8 ka BP when an index point places the RSL at tween −4.4 m and −3.2 m at ~4.7 ka. RSL slowed in the late Holocene.

Fig. 9. RSL reconstructions in northwestern Sicily (#12), mid-eastern Sicily (#13), southeastern Sicily (#14) and southern Tunisia (#15). Index points (boxes) are plotted as calibrated age
against change in sea level relative to present. Limiting points are plotted as terrestrial or marine horizontal lines. Dimensions of boxes and lines for each point based on 2s elevation and
age errors. The relative sea level data is compared to a prediction (red line with minimum and maximum errors) from the SELEN model (see Section 4). Red dots denote the location of RSL
data-points. Mt, Marettimo; Ma, Marsala sound; Sv, Cape San Vito; Pl, Palermo. Ca, Catania coastal plain; Au, Augusta; Sy, Syracuse. Av, Avola; Pa, Pachino; Br, Bourammad, Ms, Marsaxlokk.
Dj, Djerba Island; Gu, Gulf of Gabes.