Page 15 - Colliard_ali_2010
P. 15
Colliard et al. BMC Evolutionary Biology 2010, 10:232 Page 15 of 16
http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2148/10/232
presumably pure) with those closer to the contact zone References
(potentially admixed). Alleles found in presumably pure 1. Coyne JA, Orr HA: Speciation. Sunderland, Sinauer, MA 2004.
2. Johns GC, Avise JC: A comparative summary of genetic distances in the
populations that were exclusively present in one species vertebrates from the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene. Mol Biol Evol
were considered as “diagnostic”. Finding diagnostic 1998, 15(11):1481-1490.
alleles of one clade in individuals assigned to the other 3. Sasa MM, Chippindale PT, Johnson NA: Patterns of postzygotic isolation in
frogs. Evolution 1998, 52(6):1811-1820.
clade by STRUCTURE was considered a sign of past 4. Wilson AC, Maxson LR, Starich VM: Two types of molecular evolution.
hybridization (Additional file 3). Evidence from studies of interspecific hybridization. PNAS 1974,
71:2843-2847.
Research has been carried out according to approved
5. Blair WF: Evolution in the genus Bufo. Austin and London 1972.
guidelines under the following permits: Regione Sicili- 6. Malone JH, Fontenot BE: Patterns of reproductive isolation in toads. PLoS
ana, Assessorato Agricoltura e Foreste Prot. No 89884, ONE 2008, 12(3):e3900.
7. Noor MAF, Feder JL: Speciation genetics: evolving approaches. Nature
Palermo, Italy; Bundesamt für Veterinärwesen BVET Nr.
2006, 7:851-861.
791/09, Bern, Switzerland; and Authorisation No. 1798, 8. Hoskin CJ, Higgie M, McDonald KR, Moritz C: Reinforcement drives rapid
Servicedela consommation etdes affaires vétérinaires, allopatric speciation. Nature 2005, 437:1353-1356.
9. Mcdonnell LJ, Gartside DF, Littlejohn MJ: Analysis of a narrow hybrid zone
Canton de Vaud, Epalinges, Switzerland.
between 2 species of Pseudophryne (Anura-Leptodactylidae) in
Southeastern Australia. Evolution 1978, 32(3):602-612.
Additional material 10. Parris MJ: High larval performance of leopard frog hybrids: Effects of
environment-dependent selection. Ecology 2001, 82(11):3001-3009.
11. Gartside DF, Littlejohn MJ, Watson GF: Structure and dynamics of a
Additional file 1: Table with allele size ranges, number of alleles, narrow hybrid zone between Geocrinia laevis and Geocrinia victoriana
within-species expected heterozygosity (H S ), Weir and Cockerham (Anura, Leptodactylidae) in Southeastern Australia. Heredity 1979,
(1984) estimator of inbreeding coefficient for each locus and each 43(Oct):165.
species. 12. Littlejohn MJ, Watson GF: Hybrid zones and homogamy in Australian
Additional file 2: Table with posterior probabilities for different frogs. Ann Rev Ecol Syst 1985, 16:85-112.
genotypic classes (parental, F 1 ,F 2 or backcrosses) for the four wild- 13. Lamb T, Avise JC: Directional introgression of mitochondrial-DNA in a
caught individuals identified as possible F 2 -hybrids, using the hybrid population of tree frogs - the influence of mating-behavior. PNAS
program NEWHYBRIDS. 1986, 83(8):2526-2530.
14. Pfenning KS: Facultative mate choice drives adaptive hybridization.
Additional file 3: Table with distribution of alleles from all seven Science 2007, 318:965-967.
microsatellite loci in the twenty-six potential hybrids, and summary 15. Yamazaki Y, Kouketsu S, Fukuda T, Araki Y, Nambu H: Natural hybridization
of STRUCTURE assignment and mtDNA haplotype groups.
and directional introgression of two species of Japanese toads Bufo
Additional file 4: Table with pairwise F ST per pair of populations japonicus formosus and Bufo torrenticola (Anura: Bufonidae) resulting
and their respective significance. from changes in their spawning habitat. J Herpetol 2008, 42(3):427-436.
16. Santucci F, Nascetti G, Bullini L: Hybrid zones between two genetically
differentiated forms of the pond frog Rana lessonae in southern Italy. J
Evol Biol 1996, 9(4):429-450.
List of abbreviations 17. Canestrelli D, Nascetti G: Phylogeography of the pool frog Rana
MtDNA: mitochondrial DNA; My: million years: Mya: million years ago; (Pelophylax) lessonae in the Italian peninsula and Sicily: multiple refugia,
nuDNA: nuclear DNA; pop.: population; MVZ: Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, glacial expansions and nuclear-mitochondrial discordance. J Biogeogr
University of California, Berkeley, USA; NME: Naturkundemuseum Erfurt, 2008, 35(10):1923-1936.
Germany; ZFMK: Zoologisches Forschungsinstitut und Museum Alexander 18. Stöck M, Moritz C, Hickerson M, Frynta D, Dujsebayeva T, Eremchenko V,
Koenig, Bonn, Germany. Robert Macey J, Papenfuss TJ, Wake DB: Evolution of mitochondrial
relationships and biogeography of Palearctic green toads (Bufo viridis
Acknowledgements subgroup) with insights in their genomic plasticity. Mol Phylogenet Evol
We sincerely thank M. Lo Valvo, F. Lillo, and R. Termine for contributing 2006, 41:663-689.
samples, and K. Ghali for help in the lab. We further thank T. Broquet, J. 19. Knoop T, Merilä J: The postglacial recolonization of Northern Europe by
Goudet and A. Horn for advice and references, and J. van Rooyen, M. Rana arvalis as revealed by microsatellite and mitochondrial DNA
Vences, and two anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments on the analyses. Heredity 2009, 102:174-181.
manuscript. 20. Verardi A, Canestrelli D, Nascetti G: Nuclear and mitochondrial patterns of
Funding: Swiss NSF grant 31003A_129894 to NP. introgression between the parapatric European treefrogs Hyla arborea
and H. intermedia. Ann Zool Fenn 2009, 46(4):247-258.
Author details 21. Szymura JM, Barton NH: Genetic analysis of a hybrid zone between the
1 fire-bellied toads, Bombina bombina and B. variegata, near Cracow in
Department of Ecology and Evolution, Biophore, University of Lausanne,
2
CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland. Dipartimento di Biologia Animale, University Southern Poland. Evolution 1986, 40(6):1141-1159.
3
of Palermo, Via Archirafi, 18, 90123 Palermo, Italy. University of Catania, 22. Yanachukov A, Hofman S, Szymura JM, Mezhzherin SV, Morozov-Leonov SY,
CUTGANA, Section of Nature Reserve Management, via Terzora 8, 95027 San Barton NH, Nürnberger B: Hybridization of Bombina bombina and B.
Gregorio di Catania, Catania, Italy. variegata (Anura, Discoglossidae) at a sharp ecotone in western Ukraine:
Comparisons across transects and over time. Evolution 2006,
Authors’ contributions 60(3):583-600.
The fieldwork was conducted by AS, CC, GFT and MSt, and the molecular 23. Stöck M, Sicilia A, Belfiore NM, Buckley D, Lo Brutto S, Lo Valvo M,
work (genotyping, mitotyping and sequencing) by AS, CC and MSt. The Arculeo M: Post-Messinian evolutionary relationships across the Sicilian
channel: Mitochondrial and nuclear markers link a new green toad from
crossing experiments were performed by CC and MSt, and the statistical
Sicily to African relatives. BMC Evol Biol 2008, 8:56.
analyses and data interpretation by CC, MSt, MA and NP. CC drafted the
24. Colliard C, Sicilia A, Moritz C, Perrin N, Stöck M: New polymorphic
paper, which was edited by MSt and NP, then completed by AS, GFT and
MA. All authors read and approved the final manuscript. microsatellite markers and development of mitotyping primers for West
Mediterranean green toad species (Bufo viridis subgroup). Mol Ecol Resour
Received: 7 April 2010 Accepted: 29 July 2010 Published: 29 July 2010 2009, 9:1138-1140.