Page 4 - Assessment

4 D. Melaku Canu et al. / Marine Pollution Bulletin xxx (2015) xxx–xxx
(b) The maximum amount of oil in a given coastal trait, (e) The % of oil spilled at source R that reaches coastal site i
expressed as a % of the total oil that reaches the coast, xmax i within the time interval s, (rescaled over the maximum
(Table 1, Maxima). observed among all sites and all seasons and smoothed using
(c) The time to slick, T R,i , defined as the time taken by the oil a kernel density estimation with a biweight kernel and a
particle to reach a coastal site i after the spill. radius of 5000 m), where x i,s is the amount of oil at each
coastal site i, and x R s , is the oil released at source R i within
Furthermore, for each coastal site i, several indexes were com- the time interval s.
puted, such as the following:
P s x P s x P s x
t¼0 i;s =
P
P
(d) The expected stranding time, defined as the minimum time HI R;s;i ¼ max½ P s t¼0 i;s = t¼0 R;s x ¼ max½ t¼0 i;s x
s
s
t¼0 i;s Š
x
t¼0 R;s Š
required by an oil spill from source area R to reach site i
(rounded to the closest integer hour). (f) The (cumulative) % of oil spilled from all sources R that
reaches costal site i within the time interval s. This index,
H st R;i ¼ min T R;i obtained as the sum of the % referring to each spill source,
is hereafter labelled as the integrated hazard index for site
i and time s HI s,i which reads as:

Fig. 2. Monthly distribution of wind speed and direction for the Sicilian Channel area.
Please cite this article in press as: Melaku Canu, D., et al. Assessment of oil slick hazard and risk at vulnerable coastal sites. Mar. Pollut. Bull. (2015), http://
dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2015.03.006