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Mediterranean invasive species

factsheets

The following factsheets have been developed to provide Ecosystem and economic impacts summarizes the
MPAs with identification assistance and general available information on the consequences of the species’
information about individual invasive species. Each sheet invasions or its potential impacts, and a Management
contains photographs, illustrations and narrative options section aims to provide some alternatives for
descriptions to highlight important anatomical structures action in MPAs, if there are any in light of present
and features of a particular species. The species are knowledge. A brief list of references for Further reading
grouped taxonomically into macrophytes (algae and gives suggestions on other documents for consultation,
seagrasses), cnidarians (jellyfish, corals, sea anemones mostly freely available online.
and hydras), molluscs, crustaceans, ascidians, comb
jellies or ctenophores, and fishes. Within each group, they It should be noted that the information provided on the
are ordered alphabetically by scientific name. distribution of species is taken from the current scientific
literature; however, as species may spread to new areas
For each species, there is a description of the main quickly, this information may soon become out of date.
characteristics that can be used to identify the species Consultation of existing databases (see Annex 2) is
(Key identifying features) and a general description of the therefore recommended.
habitat and other characteristics for field observations
(Field identification signs and habitat). Similar species
includes information on how to differentiate the species
from other species (native or alien) that can be found in the
Mediterranean and are similar in appearance. The Brief
history and route of introduction explains the general
known distribution of the species in the Mediterranean to
date, its origin and the likely pathway of introduction and
spread. A general description of potential or documented

Black List of Marine Invasive Species

Algae 15. Brachidontes pharaonis ....................P-61 Combjellies/Ctenophores
1. Acrothamnion preissii ........................P-33 16. Bursatella leachii ................................P-63 31. Mnemiopsis leidyi................................P-93
2. Asparagopsis armata ..........................P-35 17. Chama pacifica ..................................P-65
Fishes
3. Asparagopsis taxiformis......................P-37 18. Crassostrea gigas ..............................P-67
32. Alepes djedaba ..................................P-95
4. Caulerpa racemosa var. cylindracea....P-39 19. Crepidula fornicata ............................P-69 33. Apogonichthyoides pharaonis............P-97
5. Caulerpa taxifolia ................................P-41 20. Limnoperna (Xenostrobus) securis....P-71 34. Atherinomorus forskalii ......................P-99
6. Codium fragile sp. fragile....................P-43 21. Pinctada imbricata radiata ................P-73 35. Fistularia commersonii......................P-101
7. Lophocladia lallemandii ......................P-45 36. Lagocephalus sceleratus..................P-103
22. Rapana venosa ..................................P-75
8. Stypopodium schimperii....................P-47 36. Lagocephalus spadiceus..................P-103
23. Spondylus spinosus ..........................P-77
9. Womersleyella setacea ......................P-49 36. Lagocephalus suezensis ..................P-103
24. Venerupis (Ruditapes) philippinarum..P-79
37. Nemipterus randalli ..........................P-105
Angiosperm 38. Parexocoetus mento ........................P-107
Crustaceans
10. Halophila stipulacea............................P-51 39. Pempheris vanicolensis ....................P-109
25. Marsupenaeus japonicus ..................P-81 40. Plotosus lineatus ..............................P-111
Cnidarians 26. Metapenaeus monoceros ..................P-83 41. Sargocentron rubrum ......................P-113
11. Oculina patagonica ............................P-53 27. Metapenaeus stebbingi ......................P-85 42. Saurida undosquamis ......................P-115
12. Rhopilema nomadica..........................P-55 28. Percnon gibbesi ..................................P-87 43. Siganus luridus..................................P-117
44. Siganus rivulatus ..............................P-119
Ascidians 45. Stephanolepis diaspros ....................P-121
Molluscs
29. Herdmania momus..............................P-89 46. Upeneus molluccensis......................P-123
13. Aplysia dactylomela ............................P-57
30. Microcosmus squamiger ....................P-91 47. Upeneus pori ....................................P-125
14. Arcuatula (Musculista) senhousia ......P-59

Monitoring Marine Invasive Species in Mediterranean MPAs: A strategy and practical guide for managers 31