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ARTICLE IN PRESS 1575

K. Lambeck et al. / Quaternary Science Reviews 23 (2004) 1567–1598

Table 1 (continued) Age error (7 yr) Altitude (m) Altitude error (7 m) Marker Ref.
160 À7.3 0.5 2.5 Lagoon. shell 32
28—Tagliamento
Ages (cal yr BP)

4746

29—Grado Lagoon Age error (7 yr) Altitude (m) Altitude error (7 m) Marker Ref.
Ages (cal yr BP) 33
290 À0.9 0.5 2.5 Lagoon. shell
869 290 À4.1 3.0 3.0 Peat.
3657 225 À8.3 0.5 2.5 Lagoon. shell
5855 140 À3.3 0.5 2.5 Lagoon. shell
639

30—Aquileia Age error (7 yr) Altitude (m) Altitude error (7 m) Marker Ref.
Ages (Archaeological 100 À0.80 0.5 0.5 Roman remain 34
attribution; AD)

150

31—Djerba (Tunisia) Altitude error (7 m) Marker Ref.
Ages (mean of 12) (cal Age error (7 yr) Altitude (m)
yr BP)

5488 290 +0.40/+1.0 3 3 Infralittoral shell 35
1846 290 03 3 Infralittoral shell

References: (1) Antonioli et al. (1999c); (2) Galoppini et al. (1996); (3) Alessio et al. (1996); (4) Antonioli et al. (2001b); (5) Bard et al. (2002); (6)
Antonioli et al. (2004a,b); (7) Leoni and Dai Pra (1997); (8) Antonioli and Leoni (1998); (9) Schmiedt (1972); (10) Pirazzoli (1976); (11) Belluomini
et al. (1986); (12) Antonioli et al. (1988); (13) Devoti et al. (2004); (14) Barra et al. (1996); (15) Morhange et al. (1999); (16) Antonioli and Oliverio
(1996); (17) Esposito et al. (2004); (18) Antonioli et al. (2002 submitted); (19) Stewart et al. (1997); (20) Antonioli et al. (2003); (21) Antonioli et al.
(1994); (22) Antonioli et al. (1999a); (23) Antonioli et al. (2002a); (24) De Muro and Orru" (1998); (25) Antonioli et al. (1998); (26) Pirazzoli et al.
(1997); (27) Cherubini et al. (2000); (28) Auriemma (2002); (29) Correggiari et al. (1997); (30) Preti (1999); (31) Galassi and Marocco (1999); (32)
Marocco (1991); (33) Marocco (1989); (34) Pirazzoli (1998); (35) Jedoui et al. (1998).

a For this site there is also an unpublished age of a flowstone, dated at 2370 cal BP, that covers the fossil material and consistent with the ages in
this table.

à All radio carbon dates have been calibrated using the Bard (1998) and Stuiver et al. (1998) calibrations.

2004). These values are consistent with observations sT5.5=5 ka, dH5.5=7 m, sdH5.5=3 m. sH5.5 is typically
from Sardinia which is believed to have been tectonically 3–5 m but at some sites may be larger.
stable during the recent glacial cycles and where the MIS
5.5 shoreline is typically found at 7–10.5 m in the east 1. ENEA Core, Versilia: A 70 m long core has recently
and at about 4 m in the northwest and at about 5 m in been drilled in the Versilia Plain of Northern Tuscany
the south (Cala Mosca) where the Tyrrhenian (MIS 5.5) yielding one of the more complete Holocene sea-level
section was established by Gignoux (1913) (see com- records for Italy (see Table 1). The first 34 m of the core
ments on sites 19–20 below). With the following contained sandy and thin marsh Holocene lagoonal
notation sediments (Antonioli et al., 1999c) with ages from
2.23 ka near the surface to 10.15 ka cal. BP at À34 m.
DH ¼ H5:5 À dH5:5; The age constraints are based on 14C ages of marsh and
lagoonal fossils shells, the greater part of which consist
where H5.5 is the elevation above mean sea level of the of the mollusc Cerastoderma glaucum. The lower portion
observed MIS 5.5 shoreline and dH5.5 is the elevation of of core intersects a lagoonal deposit at À69 m that
this shoreline in areas of tectonic stability, the uplift rate contains Cladocora with conventional U–Th ages of
u and its variance su2 is given by (132–129715) ka (Antonioli et al., 1999c). (TIMS age
measurements are planned.) For the present this
u ¼ DH=T5:5; ð1Þ observation is interpreted as sea level at BÀ70 m at
s2d ¼ s2DH =T52:5 þ ðDH=T52:5Þ2sT2 5:5; B130 ka BP, in agreement with the pre-Last Interglacial
sea-level curve of Lambeck and Chappell (2001),
T5.5 is the age of MIS 5.5 with standard deviation sT5.5 indicating that the Versilia area is tectonically stable.
and s2DH is the variance of the tectonic uplift ð¼ sH2 5:5 þ
s2dH5:5Þ: We adopt the following values: T5.5=124.5 ka, 2. Castiglioncello: The archaeological site, consisting
of a pre-roman sandstone quarry, of Castiglioncello