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306 L. Gianguzzi et al.

Figure 2. Geographical distribution of Simethis mattiazzi: in grey, the main range of the species; (d) disjointed stations; (j) sites of
recent discovery, subject of the present survey; (▲) ancient bibliographic data unconfirmed.
Figure 2. Distribution géographique de Simethis mattiazzi: en gris, l’aire de répartition principale de l’espèce; (d) stations disjointes;
(j) sites de découverte récente étudiés; (▲) anciennes citations bibliographiques non confirmées.

along the coastline of Sicily, was consulted. For the area evaluate their ability to last over time (production of
of Mount S. Giuliano the recordings made in the stations fruits, seeds, propagules, etc.).
of Erice and S. Andrea di Bonagia were also reviewed, Taking into account an evaluation of the threats
the first located at a much higher altitude [756 m above hanging over both sites, a “risk status” analysis was
seal level (a.s.l.)], the second – with only rainfall therefore performed according to the criteria from the
measurements available – in an inner valley (48 m a.s.l.). most recent versions of the IUCN protocol (IUCN 2001)
For the bioclimatic definition of the two areas, reference and to the guidelines suggested for its implementation
was also made to the Climatological Atlas of Sicily by (IUCN 2003, 2006, 2011).
Drago et al. (2000).
Phytosociological and synecological analyses
Results and discussion
The study of vegetation was carried out according to the
Taxonomical, morphological and chorological analysis
methodology of the Zurich-Montpellier School, adopting
Taxonomic treatment
the abundance–dominance indices proposed by Braun-
Blanquet (1932, 1964). The phytosociological attribution Simethis mattiazzi (Vandelli) Sacc. (Figure 1) [≡
of the coenoses refers to Brullo et al. (2002), the Anthèricum mattiazzi Vandelli, Fasc. Pl. 12 (1771); = A.
syntaxonomical framework to Brullo et al. (2006, 2010). planifolium L., Mant. Alt. Pl. 2, 224 (1771); = A. bicolor
Concurrently, a synecological analysis was also Desf., Fl. Atlant. 1, 304 (1798); = A. ericetorum
performed, considering the vegetation series in which the Bergeret, Fl. Basses-Pyrénées 2, 168 (1803); =
same formations appear (Géhu and Rivas-Martínez 1981; Margagnia bicolor Bubani; = Phalangius planifolium
Rivas-Martinez 1983; Biondi 1994). (L.) Pers., Syn. Pl. 1, 367 (1805); = P. bicolor DC. in P.
J. Redouté, Liliac. 4, t. 215 (1808); = Bulbine planifolia
Population analysis (L.) Spreng., Syst. Veg. 2, 86 (1825); = Hemierium
Given the small size of the populations, this aspect of planifolium (L.) Raf., Fl. Tellur. 2, 27 (1837); =
the research involved the entire surface of both stations Pubilaria bicolor (Desf.) Rafin., Fl. Tellur. 2, 27 (1837);
to record precisely the number of individuals present and = Morgagnia bicolor (Desf.) Bubani, Nuovi Ann. Sci.