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recalls the critiques of a nature/culture binary. The reordering of nature and the development

of the natural and social sciences, has nurtured the image of humans as external to

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ecosystems . That is, reordering is productive by putting forward a very specific way of

framing the environment, issues, and human and more-than-human relationships. The image

of humans as external to ecosystems continues to inform resource management and much

environmental campaigning. There are numerous textbook Venn diagrams that illustrate this

point. One of the first was the 1988 Bretherton Diagram (see fig. 3.1). The human category

has been only slightly elaborated since this time and is usually included in sustainable

development Venn diagrams, which attempt to model an integration of social, cultural,

economic and environmental realms (see fig. 3.2).

Fig. 3.1 Bretherton Diagram (Fox 2016).

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