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3. Entries
Each entry is divided in fields. Each field is separated from the following one by an
hyphen. They are in order as follows:
1. Name of species including the protologue reference, with synonyms in square brackets.
The name is, based on the acquired information, published with the exceptions report-
ed at point 4 of Technical Notes. Basionyme, and relevant bibliographical references are
reported in the synonyms list. Particular attention has been paid to synonyms frequent-
ly used by the researchers of Sicilian Flora.
Each synonym has been put into relation, when possible, to the names in current use;
2. Taxonomic and nomenclatural information and their complete bibliography (only for
problematic taxa). This field may be omitted;
3. Chorology, in acronym, only for the endemic taxa [ES = Endemic of Sicily (including
Sicilian-Maltese endemic species); E = Endemic of Sicily, the southern regions and/or
Sardinia/Corsica or eventually of the Sicily and the Italian Peninsula; SE = Sub endem-
ic, interesting areas of countries close to Italy (Greece, Tunisia, Algeria, etc.)];
4. Ecology the taxon;
5. Distribution with special reference to localities concerning some less common, rare and
rarest taxa. In this field an information on the general distribution is given only for the
exotic taxa; in the case of recently reported taxa reference concerning the first finding
is given, when possible;
6. Rarity in acronym. The acronym could also be EX in the case of reasonable doubts about
the present occurrence of the taxon. It may be omitted for dubiae vel excludendae taxa.

4. Invalid names and illegitimate names
It has not been possible to avoid the inclusion of the following entries regarding invalid
names and illegitimate names: Fumaria petteri Guss., Fl. Sicul. Syn. 2 (1): 239 (1844) arb.
name; Ophrys oxyrrhynchos Tod. subsp. oxyrrhynchos fo. “flavomarginata” sensu Galesi,
inval. name.

5. Criteria for the site indication (rarity vs. range)

Flora d’Italia by S. Pignatti (1982) is an important reference for those who work on the
Italian flora. Such publication has conditioned the present work in many ways. It has been
a precious source of information both for literature reference and field practices. Pignatti,
exploring all the Italian regions, including Sicily, produced new information on taxa and
rarity compared to what was included in the classical floristic literature (see Lojacono,
1888-1909). This has been said to explain how in the work the list of the rarer plant local-
ities has been based on the “authority” criteria suggested by Pignatti (considered as a mod-
ern author), by the classics (Lojacono and Gussone) and by our personal experience in this
matter. It is worth to mention also the cartographic representation by Atlas Florae
Europaeae (Jalas & Suominen 1972-1994; Jalas & al. 1996-1999; Kurtto & al. 2004). All
these elements contribute, for each taxon, to define the data of rarity here examined.