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Genetica (2011) 139:1293–1308 1301

a
(26.93%) North-Western Sardinia
North-Eastern Sardinia
PC2 and Corsica
Spain, North Africa, Sicily

PC1 (33.31%)
b
ACS
%) APS
(21.14 APB
CDN
PC2 IPO
MVE

PC1 (33 %)
c ARG, IPO (one individual)

%) PLF
NAQ
(23.38 MAD
PC2 PIT, CGR
MLA, MLT
Corsica
(GAL, CAR, TIZ, BOF)
PC1 (33.28%)
d LIT
Ceuta
(19.08%) ALB
(DIQ, DES, PAR, CRL)
Morocco (MEL, CHA)
PC2 Algeria (PLA, HAB)
CAP
ZEM
Sicily (PAN, MAR, FAV)
PC1 (22.93%)

Fig. 4 ISSR dataset: Principal Coordinate Analysis (PCA) of P. respectively. PCA plots include: a all samples; b cluster A; c cluster
ferruginea. The ordination plots display the relationships between B; and d cluster C, as retrieved by STRUCTURE analyses.
individuals according to the first two axes of variation. The first and Abbreviations are given in Table 1
second principal coordinates are plotted on the x and y axes,

CDN 2; CHA 2; PAR 1; PAR 2; MVE 6; ARG 7; LIT 3. GenBank: Accession Nos. FJ767822) was found. There-
Compared to the results of Espinosa and Ozawa (2006), fore, no further analysis on the 12S and 16S genes was
only three new COI haplotypes were found (Fig. 6). The performed. Considering together the 12S, 16S and COI
three nucleotide substitutions observed in our COI dataset genes we found a 92% of mitochondrial haplotypes
(110 sequences) (Fig. 6) produced the following two amino homology in P. ferruginea.
acid changes: one in the individual ARG 7 (SER-ASN) and The following estimates of COI genetic variability were
one in CDN 2 (ALA-THR) (see also Espinosa and Ozawa low: the number of haplotypes h = 9, the number of
2006). For 12S, only two haplotypes (cf. previous polymorphic sites S = 8, the nucleotide diversity
sequences from GenBank: Accession Nos. FJ767829 and p = 0.00018 (± 0.00006), and the haplotype diversity
FJ767830) were detected, the less common of which was H = 0.101 (± 0.032). The network (Fig. 6) based on COI
found in three individuals (ARG 9, CGR 1, ACS 7). For sequences has a star-like configuration with a very com-
16S, only one haplotype (cf. previous sequences from mon central haplotype that was spread across all locations.

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