Page 15 - CAPPARIS_2006

136 Annals of the
Missouri Botanical Garden

0.8 cm deep; stamens 30 to 80, anthers 2–3 mm, with a branch with a young fruit) of Capparis rupestris in
round apices. Fruit ellipsoidal, with apices nipple- one sheet of the Sibthorpian Herbarium at OXF
shaped, pulp red; ripe seeds dark brown, 3.2–3.6 3 corresponding to the Fl. Graec. Prodr. Vol. I: 355.
2.8–3 3 2.8–3 mm. 1809, number 1190, which is also associated with
Fl. Graec. T. 487. The sheet of Capparis rupestris is
Illustrations. Figure 1 in Ali & Jafri (1977: 5).
a very typical one from the Sibthorpian Herbarium.
Guerau & Torres (1981: 31).
The cited illustration [Tab. 487] was later published
Phenology. Flowering from May to October.
(Smith, 1825); however, it is also original material.
Distribution and habitat. Mediterranean Region. The citation ‘‘Folia quam in praecedente crassiora et
Mediterranean Europe and North Africa [Albania,
succo pleniora. Olivier’’ is certainly Olivier (1801–
Algeria, Croatia, Greece, Italy, Libya, Malta, Spain,
1807). Guillaume Antoine Olivier was a French
Turkey]. Rocks, cliffs, walls of old buildings, at
naturalist who traveled in Greece, Turkey, the Levant,
elevations from 0 to 600 m, often surrounding human
and other Middle Eastern countries between 1792 and
dwellings. Figure 4.
1798. Therefore, lectotypification is needed. We have
Capparis orientalis was described by Veillard in
seen the sheet (OXF) with the lectotype, which
Duhamel (1801: 142), apparently fundamentally contains neither references to localities nor col-
based on the pre-Linnaean literature. He gives three lectors. However it is clearly labelled ‘‘C. rupestris/
synonyms, listing the authors and references where Sib.’’ [written in the hand of J. E. Smith] and ‘‘J.
these have appeared previously. Also, further material
Sibthorp, M.D.’’ [None of the material has the
is cited in pages 142–143, after the discussion of the
localities written directly on the sheets in the
species. The references to the habitat and distribution
Sibthorpian Herbarium at OXF.] The specimen is
are restricted to: ‘‘Les rochers de l’isle de Cre `te et des
typical of a specimen collected on the first voyage
isles de l’Archipel, particulie `rement celle d’Anti-
in 1786 or 1787 (Serena Marner, pers. comm.). It is
paros; en Syrie et dans la Palestine.’’ Both localities
in agreement with the description in the protologue.
and bibliographical references—including illustra-
The sheet contains further stamp and annotation
tions—furnish fundamental elements for determining
with reference to the Prodromus Flora Graeca [added
the original material of Veillard. The author himself
by M. A. Lawson, Sherardian Professor of Botany at
places different values on the material used. Part of
Oxford (Lack, 1997)]. Therefore, the specimen is
the material is only indirectly cited in the discussion reasonably original material and is designated here as
after the protologue, in which several additional a lectotype.
authors, localities, and icon are cited. The new
species is not illustrated in the original paper. Selected specimens examined. ALBANIA. Berirk Saran-
Veillard’s herbarium is unknown because it was da, Krendl s.n. (C); Sarande ¨, Alston 2248 (K). ALGERIA.
Cape Carbon, Bejaia, Davis 52961 (E). CROATIA. Cavtat,
apparently part of the missing Duhamel herbarium
Larsen s.n. (C); Lapad, Dubrovnik, Larsen s.n. (C); Dubrovnik,
(Stafleu & Cowan, 1976). Thus the only original Clement s.n. (RNG). GREECE. Argolis, Tolon, Bowen
materials available for typification are the two images 6507 (RNG); Karpathos, Islet Sokastro, Davis 8382 (E);
cited by Veillard. The remaining references are Sokastro, Dodecanese, Th. Raus 8382 (E); Kiklades,
unillustrated. Lonicer’s icon (Lonicer, 1679: 106) Andros, Jury 271 (RNG); Corfu, Markos, Davis 54537
(E); Gerolimenas, 28379 (C); Island Zakynthos, Boratynski
may be discarded, as Veillard himself noted the poor
728 (C); Port Kheli, Lewis 642 (K); Rhodes, Ahaussen s.n.
quality of this drawing. However, it clearly repre- (C). ITALY. Florence, s.n. (C); Palermo, R. Coll 314 (E);
sents an unarmed caper bush with rounded leaves. Perugia, Ransone 410 (E); Pisa, Savi 429 (K); Rome,
The illustration in Bauhin et al. (1651: 63) is cited Larsen 4874 (C); Sicily, Taormina, Island Bella, Ostenfeld
by Veillard in the pre-Linnaean synonymy of C. s.n. (C); Messina, S. P. Brookes 5754 (RNG); Favignana,
Cape Calarossa, J. R. Akeroyd 545 (RNG); Island Leranzo,
orientalis and was selected as lectotype by Rivera et al.
Davis 40174 (RNG). LIBYA. Coefia, N of Benghazi, Davis
(2006). 50477 (E); Gebel Nefoussa, Davis 49670 (E); Kouf, J. H. H. L
According to Veillard in Duhamel (1801), this 26 (K); Shahat, Ali 624 (E). MALTA. Addaloute Cemetery,
species was collected in Palestine and Syria by Lanfranco 5967 (RNG); Malta, Wright s.n. (K). SPAIN.
Alicante: Gram 2039 (C); Santa Barbara Castle, Inocencio &
travelers such as Pockocke and Shaw. We have not
Alcaraz 60048 (MUB). Barcelona: Barcelona, Sennen 1587
found any plant material of this species from the
(RNG). Ibiza: Santa Eulalia, Cannon 3256 (RNG). Mal-
Levant, neither from these collectors nor others. lorca: Palma de Mallorca, Inocencio & Alcaraz 48696
However, it is likely that the species occurred in the (MUB); Alcudia, Inocencio & Alcaraz 48697 (MUB);
area. Valldemosa, Jacobsen s.n. (C). Menorca: Punta Nati, Rita
s.n. (RNG). Tarragona: Benifayet, Inocencio & Alcaraz
There is no designation of holotype for Capparis
48701 (MUB). Valencia: Lliria, Inocencio & Alcaraz 48700
rupestris Sm. Serena Marner (pers. comm.) did find (MUB). TURKEY. Mugla Province, Marmaris District,
a single specimen (one blossoming branch and Prance 116 (E).